Prior to 1913, all executions in Indiana were by hanging. From 1913 until 1995, all executions were by electrocution. Since 1995, all executions have been by lethal injection. Current death penalty procedure is found at Indiana Code 35-38-6 and requires that the execution take place inside the walls of the Indiana State Prison at Michigan City before sunrise.

A total of 77 convicted murderers were executed in Indiana in the 20th Century. Two more were executed in 2001: Gerald Bivins (March 14, 2001) and James Lowery (June 27, 2001). Two more were executed in 2003: Kevin Lee Hough (May 2, 2003) and Joseph L. Trueblood (June 13, 2003). Five more were executed in 2005: Donald Ray Wallace (March 10, 2005), Bill J. Benefiel (April 21, 2005), Gregory Scott Johnson (May 25, 2005), Kevin A. Conner (July 27, 2005), and Alan L. Matheney (September 28, 2005). One has been executed in 2006: Marvin L. Bieghler (January 27, 2006).

Of this total, all 87 were men; none were juveniles at the time of the murder; 63 (72.4%) were white and 24 (27.6%) were black; 3 were executed on the same day: June 10, 1937. There were no executions in Indiana from June 15, 1961 to March 9, 1981. Only 17 have been executed in Indiana since the death penalty was reinstated in 1977. In addition, two men on Indiana Death Row were recently executed in other states: Michael Lockhart (1997 in Texas) and Alton Coleman (2002 in Ohio). The five convicted murderers executed in 2005 was the most in any year this century except 1938, when Indiana executed 8 convicted murderers.